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Your efforts to protect the environment when building a house, start already with the choice of building materials for your house and continue up to the choice of your heating energy. Up to the point where the materials are ready for building, you have more or less used the environmentally damaging energy. You call this energy "grey energy", because you do not this with the current materials. You can however make a rough list for the environmental damage.

Most environmental damage is caused by all which are produced by fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal as for example all synthetics, polystyrene, PVC, Plastic, plastic sheets etc, as well as all materials, which although they consist of natural raw materials, nevertheless gobble up a lot of energy for use as building materials as for example. Everything made from cement, clay, glass, rubber etc., examples are bricks from cement, bricks, roof tiles, glass panes, rubber sheeting etc, as well as all metals.

Natural building materials cause little environmental damage e.g. natural stone, clay, slate etc. The tiniest environmental damage is caused by naturally growing building materials such as for example, wood, straw, wool etc. Also from waste renewably used made materials are normally eco-friendly, because they use their grey energy again e.g. cellulose from old newspapers as ideal insulation. It is generally true that:

The more a building material has to be processed and transported,
The more it damages the environment.
The more natural a building material is the better
It protects the environment and also your health and finances.

The choice of your energy supply is even more important for environmental protection than the building materials. They are only needed once. You need heating energy all your life. When oil, gas and coal are burned climate damaging CO2 is produced and released into the atmosphere, which considerably increases the greenhouse effect on the earth and contributes by its undesirable consequences to global warming.

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